Monday, December 01, 2025

VPN tunnels bypass netstat?

I've noticed that established VPN tunnels never show up in netstat -a.

The service ports (IKE, Wireguard, etc.) do show up as listening.

But established endpoints are never visible. Do they operate at a different
layer of the network stack, or e.g. are using ESP and thus hidden?

Regards
Lloyd

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